环境
win64位，python3.6,
问题与解决
说来也巧，今天无意中解决了两个多月前的问题，即用selenium调用chrome浏览器报错的问题；起因是在知乎中看到了一篇12306抢票的文章，用splinter实现抢票，先把代码贴出来，晚点再研究
from splinter.browser import Browser
from time import sleep
import traceback class Buy_Tickets(object):
# 定义实例属性，初始化
def __init__(self, username, passwd, order, passengers, dtime, starts, ends):
self.username = username
self.passwd = passwd
# 车次，0代表所有车次，依次从上到下，1代表所有车次，依次类推
self.order = order
# 乘客名
self.passengers = passengers
# 起始地和终点
self.starts = starts
self.ends = ends
# 日期
self.dtime = dtime
# self.xb = xb
# self.pz = pz
self.login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init'
self.initMy_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306'
self.ticket_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init'
self.driver_name = 'chrome'
self.executable_path = 'C:\Program Files\Python36\ChromeDriver.exe'
# 登录功能实现
def login(self):
self.driver.visit(self.login_url)
self.driver.fill('loginUserDTO.user_name', self.username)
# sleep(1)
self.driver.fill('userDTO.password', self.passwd)
# sleep(1)
print('请输入验证码...')
while True:
if self.driver.url != self.initMy_url:
sleep(1)
else:
break
# 买票功能实现
def start_buy(self):
self.driver = Browser(driver_name=self.driver_name, executable_path=self.executable_path)
#窗口大小的操作
self.driver.driver.set_window_size(700, 500)
self.login()
self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url)
try:
print('开始购票...')
# 加载查询信息
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.starts})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.ends})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.dtime})
self.driver.reload()
count = 0
if self.order != 0:
while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
self.driver.find_by_text('查询').click()
count += 1
print('第%d次点击查询...' % count)
try:
self.driver.find_by_text('预订')[self.order-1].click()
sleep(1.5)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print('预订失败...')
continue
else:
while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
self.driver.find_by_text('查询').click()
count += 1
print('第%d次点击查询...' % count)
try:
for i in self.driver.find_by_text('预订'):
i.click()
sleep(1)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print('预订失败...')
continue
print('开始预订...')
sleep(1)
print('开始选择用户...')
for p in self.passengers: self.driver.find_by_text(p).last.click()
sleep(0.5)
if p[-1] == ')':
self.driver.find_by_id('dialog_xsertcj_ok').click()
print('提交订单...')
# sleep(1)
# self.driver.find_by_text(self.pz).click()
# sleep(1)
# self.driver.find_by_text(self.xb).click()
# sleep(1)
self.driver.find_by_id('submitOrder_id').click()
sleep(2)
print('确认选座...')
self.driver.find_by_id('qr_submit_id').click()
print('预订成功...')
except Exception as e:
print(e) if __name__ == '__main__':
# 用户名
username = 'xxxx'
# 密码
password = 'xxx'
# 车次选择，0代表所有车次
order = 2
# 乘客名，比如passengers = ['丁小红', '丁小明']
# 学生票需注明，注明方式为：passengers = ['丁小红(学生)', '丁小明']
passengers = ['丁彦军']
# 日期，格式为：'2018-01-20'
dtime = '2018-01-19'
# 出发地(需填写cookie值)
starts = '%u5434%u5821%2CWUY' #吴堡
# 目的地(需填写cookie值)
ends = '%u897F%u5B89%2CXAY' #西安 # xb =['硬座座']
# pz=['成人票'] Buy_Tickets(username, password, order, passengers, dtime, starts, ends).start_buy()
好了，言归正传，之前那篇博文贴出了报错，原因不在于防火墙等等，而在于chromedriver版本没有下载对，参考并下载：
http://blog.csdn.net/huilan_same/article/details/51896672，我的chrome浏览器是63的版本，百度了一下，说是要装2.34的版本，参考如下：
https://www.cnblogs.com/fangfangs/p/6265570.html
http://blog.csdn.net/u012246342/article/details/52860949
简单来说搭建selenium+chrome浏览器的python环境需要如下步骤：
首先已经安装好selenium,然后下载对应版本的chromedriver，然后放到1、\Google\Chrome\Application；2、\Python36\Scripts这两个目录下，再把1的路径添加到环境变量path里，接着测试一下
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
可以看到顺利打开了百度页面，测试完毕