Quartz定时任务简单实例

时间:2023-03-08 21:32:52

文章纲要:

初步搭建一个由Quartz为引擎集群的定时任务模块,功能为每隔30秒打印一条信息(Hello World!!!)

一、环境

  • Spring MVC
  • Mevan
  • Quartz 2.2.1

二、简介

  Quartz是一个完全由java编写的开源作业调度框架。不要让作业调度这个术语吓着你。尽管Quartz框架整合了许多额外功能, 但就其简易形式看,你会发现它易用得简直让人受不了!。简单地创建一个实现org.quartz.Job接口的java类。Job接口包含唯一的方法:

  public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)throws JobExecutionException;

  在你的Job接口实现类里面,添加一些逻辑到execute()方法。一旦你配置好Job实现类并设定好调度时间表,Quartz将密切注意剩余时间。当调度程序确定该是通知你的作业的时候,Quartz框架将调用你Job实现类(作业类)上的execute()方法并允许做它该做的事情。无需报告任何东西给调度器或调用任何特定的东西。仅仅执行任务和结束任务即可。如果配置你的作业在随后再次被调用,Quartz框架将在恰当的时间再次调用它

三、搭建环境

1、配置Mevan节点,下载Jar包。在pom.xml文件里加上如下代码:

目前最新版本是2.2.1(2016.11)

<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>

2、在applicatonContext.xm里增加资源引用加入如下代码:

(quartz.xml为定时任务配置文件,Quartz可以使用配置文件形式管理触发,也可以完全使用Java代码控制触发。使用配置文件好处是可以减少代码开发量,如有修改不需要编译Java类。)

<import resource="quartz.xml"/> 

3.编写quartz.xml,每个节点有详细的解释,看代码即可,将其放到src\main\resources

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"> <!-- 将任务加载到quartz配置中 -->
<bean id="taskJob"
class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
<!-- 任务完成之后是否依然保留到数据库,默认false -->
<property name="durability" value="true" />
<property name="requestsRecovery" value="true" />
<!-- 任务的实现类,必须 -->
<property name="jobClass">
<value>com.myTest.quartz.CommJobBean</value>
</property>
<!-- 用来给作业提供数据支持的数据结构 -->
<property name="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entry key="targetObject" value="commJob" /><!-- 调用的类 -->
<entry key="targetMethod" value="sjcq" /><!-- 调用类中的方法 -->
</map>
</property>
<property name="description" value="通用信息任务" />
</bean> <!-- 定义触发时间 -->
<bean id="taskTrigger"
class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
<!-- 触发器与任务绑定 -->
<property name="jobDetail" ref="taskJob" />
<property name="cronExpression" value="0/30 * * * * ?" /><!-- 规则表达式 每隔30秒执行一次 -->
</bean> <!-- 总管理类 如果将lazy-init='false'那么容器启动就会执行调度程序 -->
<bean id="taskScheduler" lazy-init="false" autowire="no"
class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"
destroy-method="destroy">
<property name="overwriteExistingJobs" value="true" />
<!-- 启动延时 -->
<property name="startupDelay" value="5" />
<!-- 是否自动启动 -->
<property name="autoStartup" value="true" />
<!-- 启动的定时器 -->
<property name="triggers">
<list>
<ref bean="taskTrigger" />
</list>
</property> <property name="applicationContextSchedulerContextKey" value="applicationContext" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:quartz.properties" />
</bean> </beans>

4.编写quartz.properties文件。将其放到src\main\resources,如果每有特别的需求只需要更改数据库连接属性就可以了。

因为要部署到集群当中,一套服务程序要部署到多态服务器上,所以定时更新时容易造成冲突。比如,服务器1开始了定时任务TASK1,但是服务器2也开始了定时任务TASK1,这就造成了任务冲突,为了解决这个问题Quartz引入了几张数据表作为执行标记。

大家可以去Quartz管网下载数据库结构Sql脚本,执行一下建表就可以。目前最新版本是2.2.3。下面是下载地址

http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/downloads/

Quartz定时任务简单实例

有其他博主研究了quartz.properties中的各个属性,下面是地址。

http://blog.****.net/yixiaoping/article/details/10476817

#==============================================================
#Configure Main Scheduler Properties
#==============================================================
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = DefaultQuartzScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTO #==============================================================
#Skip Check Update
#update:true
#not update:false
#==============================================================
org.quartz.scheduler.skipUpdateCheck = true #==============================================================
#Configure ThreadPool
#==============================================================
org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread = true #==============================================================
#Configure JobStore
#==============================================================
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
org.quartz.jobStore.maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime = 1
org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 120000
org.quartz.jobStore.txIsolationLevelSerializable = true
org.quartz.jobStore.selectWithLockSQL = SELECT * FROM {0}LOCKS WHERE LOCK_NAME = ? FOR UPDATE org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = myDS org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = true
org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval = 20000 #===========================================================
# Configure Datasources
#===========================================================
#org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver = oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
#org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL = jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.19.22.79:1521:ljts
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #注意:这里改成自己的数据库驱动
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL = jdbc:mysql://10.19.22.53:3306/test_db #注意:这里改成自己的数据库地址
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user = root #注意:这里改成自己的数据库用户名
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password = root #注意:自己的数据库密码
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections = 100
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.validationQuery=select 1 from dual #==============================================================
# Configure Plugins
#==============================================================
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.class = org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin
org.quartz.plugin.shutdownhook.class = org.quartz.plugins.management.ShutdownHookPlugin
org.quartz.plugin.shutdownhook.cleanShutdown = true

  5编写CommJobBean.java

package com.inspur.ljts.quartz;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean; /**
* @ClassName CommJobBean
* @Description 公用任务
* @version 1.0
*/
public class CommJobBean extends QuartzJobBean { private String targetObject;
private String targetMethod;
private ApplicationContext ctx; @Override
protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException { try {
Object otargetObject = ctx.getBean(targetObject);
Method m = null; try {
m = otargetObject.getClass().getMethod(targetMethod);
m.invoke(otargetObject);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new JobExecutionException(e);
} } public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
this.ctx = applicationContext;
} public void setTargetObject(String targetObject) {
this.targetObject = targetObject;
} public void setTargetMethod(String targetMethod) {
this.targetMethod = targetMethod;
} }

  6.编写具体业务类CommJob.java  

package com.xxx.task;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQBrokerException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.common.message.Message;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.remoting.exception.RemotingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.xxx.comm.base.ICommService;
import com.xxx.comm.base.SjcqException;
import com.xxx.comm.consts.CommConsts;
import com.xxx.comm.context.SjcqContext;
import com.xxx.comm.sjcqTask.bean.SjcqTask;
import com.xxx.comm.sjcqTask.service.SjcqTaskService;
import com.xxx.comm.utils.JsonUtil; /**
* @ClassName TaskJob
* @Description 数据抽取定时任务
* @version 1.0
*/ @Component
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class CommJob { public void sjcq() { System.out.println("Hello World!!!");
}
}

  7.将项目发布部署到Tomcat,启动Tomcat,定时任务就会自动运行了。完毕!!!!