最近做了微信公众号支付的开发,由于是第一次做也摸索了几天的时间,也只是达到了实现功能的水平,并没有太多考虑到性能问题,所以这篇文章比较适合初学者。
微信公众号支付的总体其实很简单,大致就分为三步。第一步需要获取用户授权;第二步调用统一下单接口获取预支付id;第三步H5调起微信支付的内置的js。下面介绍具体每一步的开发流程。
一 首先要明确微信公众号支付属于网页版支付,所以相较于app的直接调取微信支付要多一步微信授权。也就是需要获取用户的openid。微信公众号使用的交易类型是JSAPI,所以统一下单接口的文档明确的写到
因此我们必须去获取openid,同时也可以处理一些我们需要的逻辑。获取用户授权有两种方式:1.scope=snsapi_base;2.scope=snsapi_userinfo.我使用的是snsapi_base
Scope为snsapi_base
https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=wx520c15f417810387&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fchong.qq.com%2Fphp%2Findex.php%3Fd%3D%26c%3DwxAdapter%26m%3DmobileDeal%26showwxpaytitle%3D1%26vb2ctag%3D4_2030_5_1194_60&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=123#wechat_redirect
Scope为snsapi_userinfo
https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=wxf0e81c3bee622d60&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fnba.bluewebgame.com%2Foauth_response.php&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=STATE#wechat_redirect
微信的官方文档也有对各个参数的详细说明,我就关键的参数仔细的说明一下。首先appid就不多说了就是你微信公众号的appid固定写死的,redirect_uri这个参数是最重要的,这个地址是访问你处理的接口地址。你可以在这个链接上拼接上你所需要的参数,一般你是要把订单的金额传到这个接口里的,访问这个链接的时候微信会给你code你需要用它去获取openid,记得要对其进行urlencode处理。state参数可以理解为扩展字段,其他的参数都是固定写法就不在多做介绍了。下面是获取openid的代码片段。
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//获取openId
HttpClientUtil util = HttpClientUtil.getInstance();
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put( "appid" , WxPayConfig.APPID);
map.put( "secret" , WxPayConfig.APPSECRET);
map.put( "code" , code);
map.put( "grant_type" , WxPayConfig.GRANT_TYPE);
String returnStr = util.doPostRetString( "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token" , null ,map);
logger.info( "returnStr:[" + returnStr + "]" );
AccessToken at = JSON.parseObject(returnStr, AccessToken. class );
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AccessToken.java
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public class AccessToken {
private String access_token;
private String expires_in;
private String refresh_token;
private String openid;
private String scope;
private String unionid;
public String getAccess_token() {
return access_token;
}
public void setAccess_token(String access_token) {
this .access_token = access_token;
}
public String getExpires_in() {
return expires_in;
}
public void setExpires_in(String expires_in) {
this .expires_in = expires_in;
}
public String getRefresh_token() {
return refresh_token;
}
public void setRefresh_token(String refresh_token) {
this .refresh_token = refresh_token;
}
public String getOpenid() {
return openid;
}
public void setOpenid(String openid) {
this .openid = openid;
}
public String getScope() {
return scope;
}
public void setScope(String scope) {
this .scope = scope;
}
public String getUnionid() {
return unionid;
}
public void setUnionid(String unionid) {
this .unionid = unionid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "AccessToken [access_token=" + access_token + ", expires_in="
+ expires_in + ", refresh_token=" + refresh_token + ", openid="
+ openid + ", scope=" + scope + ", unionid=" + unionid + "]" ;
}
}
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二 我们获取了openid后,就可以进行下一步的统一下单的开发了。微信上统一下单接口的文档写的比较详细了,具体的参数含义我就不多做介绍了。下面直接贴最直观的代码,特别提醒的是一定要注意签名的正确。签名所使用的key并不是AppSecret而是你申请时自己定义的商户key。
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//统一下单
WxPaySendData data = new WxPaySendData();
data.setAppid(WxPayConfig.APPID);
data.setAttach( "微信支付" );
data.setBody( "微信公众号支付" );
data.setMch_id(WxPayConfig.MCHID);
data.setNonce_str(nonceStr);
data.setNotify_url(WxPayConfig.NOTIFY_URL);
data.setOut_trade_no(tradeNo);
data.setTotal_fee(( int )(fee* 100 )); //单位:分
data.setTrade_type( "JSAPI" );
data.setSpbill_create_ip(ip);
data.setOpenid(at.getOpenid());
String returnXml = UnifiedorderService.unifiedOrder(data,WxPayConfig.KEY);
WxPayReturnData reData = new WxPayReturnData();
XStream xs1 = new XStream( new DomDriver());
xs1.alias( "xml" , WxPayReturnData. class );
reData = (WxPayReturnData) xs1.fromXML(returnXml);
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UnifiedorderService.java
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public class UnifiedorderService {
private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UnifiedorderService. class );
public static String unifiedOrder(WxPaySendData data,String key){
//统一下单支付
String returnXml = null ;
try {
//生成sign签名
SortedMap<Object,Object> parameters = new TreeMap<Object,Object>();
parameters.put( "appid" , data.getAppid());
parameters.put( "attach" , data.getAttach());
parameters.put( "body" , data.getBody());
parameters.put( "mch_id" , data.getMch_id());
parameters.put( "nonce_str" , data.getNonce_str());
parameters.put( "notify_url" , data.getNotify_url());
parameters.put( "out_trade_no" , data.getOut_trade_no());
parameters.put( "total_fee" , data.getTotal_fee());
parameters.put( "trade_type" , data.getTrade_type());
parameters.put( "spbill_create_ip" , data.getSpbill_create_ip());
parameters.put( "openid" , data.getOpenid());
parameters.put( "device_info" , data.getDevice_info());
logger.info( "SIGN:" +WxSign.createSign(parameters,key));
data.setSign(WxSign.createSign(parameters,key));
XStream xs = new XStream( new DomDriver( "UTF-8" , new XmlFriendlyNameCoder( "-_" , "_" )));
xs.alias( "xml" , WxPaySendData. class );
String xml = xs.toXML(data);
logger.info( "统一下单xml为:\n" + xml);
HttpClientUtil util = HttpClientUtil.getInstance();
returnXml = util.doPostForString( "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/unifiedorder" , null , xml);
logger.info( "返回结果:" + returnXml);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return returnXml;
}
}
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WxSign
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public class WxSign {
private static String characterEncoding = "UTF-8" ;
@SuppressWarnings ( "rawtypes" )
public static String createSign(SortedMap<Object,Object> parameters,String key){
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
Set es = parameters.entrySet(); //所有参与传参的参数按照accsii排序(升序)
Iterator it = es.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)it.next();
String k = (String)entry.getKey();
Object v = entry.getValue();
if ( null != v && ! "" .equals(v)
&& ! "sign" .equals(k) && ! "key" .equals(k)) {
sb.append(k + "=" + v + "&" );
}
}
sb.append( "key=" + key);
String sign = MD5Util.MD5Encode(sb.toString(), characterEncoding).toUpperCase();
return sign;
}
public static String getNonceStr() {
Random random = new Random();
return MD5Util.MD5Encode(String.valueOf(random.nextInt( 10000 )), "UTF-8" );
}
public static String getTimeStamp() {
return String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000 );
}
}
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最后要提一下的是NOTIFY_URL回调地址,接收微信支付异步通知回调地址。
三 通过上面的操作我们获得了预支付交易会话标识prepay_id,这样我们就可以进行最后一步的操作了。使用H5调起支付api。
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//H5调起支付
attr.addAttribute( "appId" , reData.getAppid());
attr.addAttribute( "timeStamp" , WxSign.getTimeStamp());
attr.addAttribute( "nonceStr" , reData.getNonce_str());
attr.addAttribute( "package" , "prepay_id=" +reData.getPrepay_id());
attr.addAttribute( "signType" , "MD5" );
SortedMap<Object,Object> signMap = new TreeMap<Object,Object>();
signMap.put( "appId" , reData.getAppid());
signMap.put( "timeStamp" , WxSign.getTimeStamp());
signMap.put( "nonceStr" , reData.getNonce_str());
signMap.put( "package" , "prepay_id=" +reData.getPrepay_id());
signMap.put( "signType" , "MD5" );
logger.info( "PaySIGN:" +WxSign.createSign(signMap,WxPayConfig.KEY));
attr.addAttribute( "paySign" , WxSign.createSign(signMap,WxPayConfig.KEY));
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将需要的参数传给页面后,使用微信提供方法调起支付。
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<script>
function getUrlParam(name) {
//构造一个含有目标参数的正则表达式对象
var reg = new RegExp( "(^|&)" + name + "=([^&]*)(&|$)" );
//匹配目标参数
var r = window.location.search.substr(1).match(reg);
//返回参数值
if (r != null )
return unescape(r[2]);
return null ;
}
function onBridgeReady() {
var appId = getUrlParam( 'appId' );
var timeStamp = getUrlParam( 'timeStamp' );
var nonceStr = getUrlParam( 'nonceStr' );
var Package = getUrlParam( 'package' );
var signType = getUrlParam( 'signType' );
var paySign = getUrlParam( 'paySign' );
WeixinJSBridge.invoke( 'getBrandWCPayRequest' , {
"appId" : appId, //"wx2421b1c4370ec43b", //公众号名称,由商户传入
"timeStamp" : timeStamp, //"1395712654", //时间戳,自1970年以来的秒数
"nonceStr" : nonceStr, //"e61463f8efa94090b1f366cccfbbb444", //随机串
"package" : Package, //"prepay_id=u802345jgfjsdfgsdg888",
"signType" : signType, //"MD5", //微信签名方式:
"paySign" : paySign, //"70EA570631E4BB79628FBCA90534C63FF7FADD89" //微信签名
}, function (res) { // 使用以上方式判断前端返回,微信团队郑重提示:res.err_msg将在用户支付成功后返回 ok,但并不保证它绝对可靠。
//alert(res.err_msg);
if (res.err_msg == "get_brand_wcpay_request:ok" ) {
alert( "支付成功" );
}
if (res.err_msg == "get_brand_wcpay_request:cancel" ) {
alert( "交易取消" );
}
if (res.err_msg == "get_brand_wcpay_request:fail" ) {
alert( "支付失败" );
}
});
}
function callPay() {
if ( typeof WeixinJSBridge == "undefined" ) {
if (document.addEventListener) {
document.addEventListener( 'WeixinJSBridgeReady' , onBridgeReady,
false );
} else if (document.attachEvent) {
document.attachEvent( 'WeixinJSBridgeReady' , onBridgeReady);
document.attachEvent( 'onWeixinJSBridgeReady' , onBridgeReady);
}
} else {
onBridgeReady();
}
}
</script>
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在返回结果的地方可以自定义一些自己的返回页面。
总结:由于我也是第一次做,写这篇文章是想记录一下自己的工作成果,和分享给一下也是新手的朋友们可以有一些帮助,最后希望有好的见解朋友可以留言讨论,大家一起学习进步。
以上就是关于java开发微信公众支付的所有内容了,希望大家能够喜欢。