本文主要向大家分享了Python编程中通过Django模块实现用户注册以及邮箱验证功能的简单介绍及代码实现,具体如下。
用户注册:
类似于用户登陆,同样在users.views.py中添加RegisterView(View)类,其中对表单的get和post作出处理。
如果是get方法,重新返回register页面让用户进行填写。
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def get( self , request):
register_form = RegisterForm()
return render(request, "register.html" , { 'register_form' :register_form})
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method = POST时,用户注册逻辑:
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def post( self , request):
# 实例化form,验证每个字段是否合法
register_form = RegisterForm(request.POST)
pre_check = register_form.is_valid()
if pre_check:
# 取出email和password
user_name = request.POST.get( "email" , "")
pass_word = request.POST.get( "password" , "")
# 实例化用户,然后赋值
user_profile = UserProfile()
user_profile.username = user_name
user_profile.email = user_name
# 新建用户为非活跃用户,可通过验证变为活跃用户
user_profile.is_active = False
# 将明文转换为密文赋给password
user_profile.password = make_password(pass_word)
user_profile.save() # 保存到数据库
# 此处加入了邮箱验证的手段
send_register_email(user_name, "register" )
return render(request, "login.html" )
else :
# form表单验证失败,将错误信息传给前端
return render(request, "register.html" , { "register_form" : register_form})
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在form.py中添加RegisterForm类对给出表单处理类:
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class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
# 不能为空
email = forms.EmailField(required = True )
password = forms.CharField(required = True , min_length = 6 , max_length = 20 )
# 出错信息
captcha = CaptchaField(error_messages = { "invalid" :u "验证码错误" })
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以下为对应的前端代码,其中添加了了django的模版用法,均以{% %}的形式在html中加入逻辑, 避免了python代码的直接插入,方便维护和修改。
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< form id = "email_register_form" method = "post" action = "{% url 'register' %}" autocomplete = "off" >
< div class = "form-group marb20 {% if register_form.errors.email %}errorput{% endif %}" >
< label >邮 箱</ label >
< input type = "text" id = "id_email" name = "email" value = "{{ register_form.email.value }}" placeholder = "请输入您的邮箱地址" />
</ div >
< div class = "form-group marb8 {% if register_form.errors.password %}errorput{% endif %}" >
< label >密 码</ label >
< input type = "password" id = "id_password" name = "password" value = "{{ register_form.password.value }}" placeholder = "请输入6-20位非中文字符密码" />
</ div >
< div class = "form-group marb8 captcha1 {% if register_form.errors.captcha %}errorput{% endif %}" >
< label >验 证 码</ label >
{{ register_form.captcha }}
</ div >
< div class = "error btns" id = "jsEmailTips" >{% for key,error in register_form.errors.items %}{{ error }}{% endfor %} {{ msg }}</ div >
< div class = "auto-box marb8" >
</ div >
< input class = "btn btn-green" id = "jsEmailRegBtn" type = "submit" value = "注册并登录" />
{% csrf_token %}
</ form >
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{% csrf_token %}是django为了在用户提交表单时防止跨站攻击所做的保护,在表单最后没有加入的话,不能正常提交
表单中有一项为验证码,在django中可以使用django-simple-captcha模块实现:
url(r'^captcha/', include(‘captcha.urls')) 配置url
{{ register_form.captcha }} 配置前端
邮箱验证:
在users.py中添加了邮箱验证的model:
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class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
# 验证码
code = models.CharField(max_length = 20 , verbose_name = u "验证码" )
email = models.EmailField(max_length = 50 , verbose_name = u "邮箱" )
# 包含注册验证和找回验证
send_type = models.CharField(verbose_name = u "验证码类型" , max_length = 10 , choices = (( "register" ,u "注册" ), ( "forget" ,u "找回密码" )))
send_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name = u "发送时间" , default = datetime.now)
class Meta:
verbose_name = u "邮箱验证码"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __unicode__( self ):
return '{0}({1})' . format ( self .code, self .email)
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在setting.py中添加配置邮箱信息:
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EMAIL_HOST = "smtp.163.com" # 服务器
EMAIL_PORT = 25 # 一般情况下都为25
EMAIL_HOST_USER = "abc@163.com" # 账号
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = "password" # 密码
EMAIL_USE_TLS = False # 一般都为False
EMAIL_FROM = "abc@163.com" # 邮箱来自
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创建utils包,新建email_send .py
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from random import Random # 用于生成随机码
from django.core.mail import send_mail # 发送邮件模块
from users.models import EmailVerifyRecord # 邮箱验证model
from MxOnline.settings import EMAIL_FROM # setting.py添加的的配置信息
# 生成随机字符串
def random_str(randomlength = 8 ):
str = ''
chars = 'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789'
length = len (chars) - 1
random = Random()
for i in range (randomlength):
str + = chars[random.randint( 0 , length)]
return str
def send_register_email(email, send_type = "register" ):
email_record = EmailVerifyRecord()
# 将给用户发的信息保存在数据库中
code = random_str( 16 )
email_record.code = code
email_record.email = email
email_record.send_type = send_type
email_record.save()
# 初始化为空
email_title = ""
email_body = ""
# 如果为注册类型
if send_type = = "register" :
email_title = "注册激活链接"
email_body = "请点击下面的链接激活你的账号:http://127.0.0.1:8000/active/{0}" . format (code)
# 发送邮件
send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, EMAIL_FROM, [email])
if send_status:
pass
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然后将用户变为活跃用户,加入相关的view:
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class ActiveUserView(View):
def get( self , request, active_code):
# 用code在数据库中过滤处信息
all_records = EmailVerifyRecord.objects. filter (code = active_code)
if all_records:
for record in all_records:
email = record.email
# 通过邮箱查找到对应的用户
user = UserProfile.objects.get(email = email)
# 激活用户
user.is_active = True
user.save()
else :
return render(request, "active_fail.html" )
return render(request, "login.html" )
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配置生成页面的url:
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url(r '^active/(?P<active_code>.*)/$' , ActiveUserView.as_view(), name = "user_active" ), # 提取出active后的所有字符赋给active_code
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至此,便可将is_active加入到登陆的限制当中:
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if user.is_active:
login(request, user) # 调用login方法登陆账号
return render(request, "index.html" )
else :
return render(request, "login.html" , { "msg" : u "用户未激活" })
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总结
以上就是本文关于Python通过Django实现用户注册和邮箱验证功能代码的全部内容,希望对大家有所帮助。感兴趣的朋友可以继续参阅本站其他相关专题。如有不足之处,欢迎留言指出。感谢朋友们对本站的支持!
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/brynao/article/details/76268725