.NET的动态编译与WS服务调用详解

时间:2022-01-10 07:02:33

动态编译与WS服务,有关系么?今天就乱弹一番,如何使用动态编译动态生成WS服务调用的代理类,然后通过这个代理类调用WS服务。
    首先,动态编译这玩意在.NET里面是非常简单的,实际上只涉及到两个类型:CodeDomProvider以及CompilerParameters他们都位于System.CodeDom.Compiler命名空间。
    以下代码可将源码动态编译为一个程序集:
动态编译

复制代码代码如下:

CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp");
CompilerParameters codeParameters = new CompilerParameters();
codeParameters.GenerateExecutable = false; //编译为dll,如果为true则编译为exe
codeParameters.GenerateInMemory = true; //编译后的程序集保存到内存中
StringBuilder code = new StringBuilder();
//此处构造源代码
CompilerResults results = provider.CompileAssemblyFromSource(codeParameters, code.ToString());
Assembly assembly = null; //动态编译生成的程序集
if (!results.Errors.HasErrors)
{
    assembly = results.CompiledAssembly;
}


    获得assembly后,随后我们即可以通过反射获取程序集里面的类型,然后实例化,调用类型方法…
    不过在此之前,我们得构造WS服务的代理类,它是什么样子的呢?我们使用WCF框架,创建服务代理类也是十分简单的,常见的代理类结构如下:
服务调用代理类

复制代码代码如下:

[ServiceContract(Namespace="//www.zzvips.com/")]
public interface TestService
{
    [OperationContract(Action = "//www.zzvips.com/HelloWorld", ReplyAction = "//www.zzvips.com/HelloWorldResponse")]
    string HelloWorld();
}
public class TestServiceClient : ClientBase<TestService>, TestService
{
    public TestServiceClient(Binding binding, EndpointAddress address) :
        base(binding, address)
    {
    }
    public string HelloWorld()
    {
        return base.Channel.HelloWorld();
    }
}


    所以,我们要动态构造出代理类源码,应该知道服务的命名空间、服务方法的Action地址、ReplyAction地址,当然还有服务方法的名称,返回类型,参数列表。这里,我们省略掉服务方法的参数列表,构造代理类,实际上就是一个字符串组装的问题,先创建一个类型,用于保存构造代理类所要用到的参数:

 

服务代理类构造参数

复制代码代码如下:

public class WebServiceParamaters
{
    public string address;
    public string Address
    {
        get { return address; }
        set
        {
            address = value;
        }
    }
    private string serviceNamespace;
    public string ServiceNamespace
    {
        get { return serviceNamespace; }
        set
        {
            serviceNamespace = value;
        }
    }
   private string methodAction;
    public string MethodAction
    {
        get { return methodAction; }
        set
        {
            methodAction = value;
        }
    }
    private string methodReplyAction;
    public string MethodReplyAction
    {
        get { return methodReplyAction; }
        set
        {
            methodReplyAction = value;
        }
    }
    private string methodName;
    public string MethodName
    {
        get { return methodName; }
        set
        {
            methodName = value;
        }
    }
    private string returnType;
    public string ReturnType
    {
        get { return returnType; }
        set
        {
            returnType = value;
        }
    }
}


 好,现在我们只需要构造出代理类源码,然后动态编译出代理类的程序集,最后通过反射调用服务方法:
WebServiceProxyCreator

复制代码代码如下:

public class WebServiceProxyCreator
{
    public Object WebServiceCaller(WebServiceParamaters parameters)
    {
        CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp");
        CompilerParameters codeParameters = new CompilerParameters();
        codeParameters.GenerateExecutable = false; 
        codeParameters.GenerateInMemory = true; 
        StringBuilder code = new StringBuilder();
        CreateProxyCode(code, parameters);
codeParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); 
codeParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.ServiceModel.dll"); 
        CompilerResults results = provider.CompileAssemblyFromSource(codeParameters, code.ToString());
        Assembly assembly = null; 
        if (!results.Errors.HasErrors)
        {
            assembly = results.CompiledAssembly;
        }
        Type clientType = assembly.GetType("RuntimeServiceClient");
       ConstructorInfo ci = clientType.GetConstructor(new Type[] { typeof(Binding), typeof(EndpointAddress) });
        BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding(); //只演示传统的WebService调用
        EndpointAddress address = new EndpointAddress(parameters.address);
        Object client = ci.Invoke(new object[] { binding, address });
        MethodInfo mi = clientType.GetMethod(parameters.MethodName);
        Object result = mi.Invoke(client, null);
        mi = clientType.GetMethod("Close"); //关闭代理
        mi.Invoke(client, null);
        return result;
   }
    public static void CreateProxyCode(StringBuilder code, WebServiceParamaters parameters)
    {
        code.AppendLine("using System;");
        code.AppendLine("using System.ServiceModel;");
        code.AppendLine("using System.ServiceModel.Channels;");
        code.Append(@"[ServiceContract(");
        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(parameters.ServiceNamespace))
        {
            code.Append("Namespace=\"").Append(parameters.ServiceNamespace).Append("\"");
        }
        code.AppendLine(")]");
        code.AppendLine("public interface IRuntimeService");
        code.AppendLine("{");
        code.Append("[OperationContract(");
        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(parameters.MethodAction))
        {
            code.Append("Action=\"").Append(parameters.MethodAction).Append("\"");
            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(parameters.MethodReplyAction))
            {
                code.Append(", ");
            }
        }
        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(parameters.MethodReplyAction))
        {
            code.Append("ReplyAction=\"").Append(parameters.MethodReplyAction).Append("\"");
        }
        code.AppendLine(")]");
        code.Append(parameters.ReturnType).Append(" ");
        code.Append(parameters.MethodName).AppendLine("();");
        code.AppendLine("}");
        code.AppendLine();
        code.AppendLine("public class RuntimeServiceClient : ClientBase<IRuntimeService>, IRuntimeService");
        code.AppendLine("{");
        code.AppendLine("public RuntimeServiceClient(Binding binding, EndpointAddress address) :base(binding, address)");
        code.AppendLine("{");
        code.AppendLine("}");
        code.Append("public ").Append(parameters.ReturnType).Append(" ");
        code.Append(parameters.MethodName).AppendLine("()");
        code.AppendLine("{");
        code.Append("return base.Channel.").Append(parameters.MethodName).AppendLine("();");
        code.AppendLine("}");
        code.AppendLine("}");
    }
}


  注意,红色部分,由于代理类使用了WCF框架,所以编译时我们需要添加System.ServiceModel的引用,当然System.dll肯定是必须的,这里要注意,System.ServiceModel.dll应该保存到应用程序目录,否则动态编译时会引发异常,很简单,在工程引用中添加System.ServiceModel的引用,然后在属性中将拷贝到本地属性设置为true。
   到此,我们就可以直接通过传入的服务地址、服务方法名称以及相关的命名空间,即可调用服务(尽管我们只能调用无参服务,并且尽管我们也只能调用使用BasicHttpBinding绑定的服务,这些限制的原因是…我懒,好吧,相信只要经过一点改动即可去掉这些限制)。
   可惜,我们的程序还很傻:每次调用服务都需要去生成代码、编译、创建代理实例最后再调用,嗯…那就缓存吧:
  在WebServiceParameters类中重写GetHashCode方法:

复制代码代码如下:

 public override int GetHashCode()
  {
      return String.Concat(serviceNamespace, methodAction, methodReplyAction, methodName, returnType).GetHashCode();
  }


然后在WebServiceProxyCreator中加入缓存机制:

复制代码代码如下:

  public class WebServiceProxyCreator
   {
       private static Dictionary<int, Type> proxyTypeCatch = new Dictionary<int, Type>();

       public Object WebServiceCaller(WebServiceParamaters parameters)
       {
           int key = parameters.GetHashCode();
           Type clientType = null;
           if (proxyTypeCatch.ContainsKey(key))
          {
              clientType = proxyTypeCatch[key];
              Debug.WriteLine("使用缓存");
          }
          else
          {

              CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp");
              CompilerParameters codeParameters = new CompilerParameters();
              codeParameters.GenerateExecutable = false;
              codeParameters.GenerateInMemory = true;

              StringBuilder code = new StringBuilder();
              CreateProxyCode(code, parameters);

              codeParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll");
              codeParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.ServiceModel.dll");

              CompilerResults results = provider.CompileAssemblyFromSource(codeParameters, code.ToString());
              Assembly assembly = null;
              if (!results.Errors.HasErrors)
              {
                  assembly = results.CompiledAssembly;
              }

              clientType = assembly.GetType("RuntimeServiceClient");

              proxyTypeCatch.Add(key, clientType);
          }
          ConstructorInfo ci = clientType.GetConstructor(new Type[] { typeof(Binding), typeof(EndpointAddress) });
          BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding(); //只演示传统的WebService调用
          EndpointAddress address = new EndpointAddress(parameters.address);
          Object client = ci.Invoke(new object[] { binding, address });

          MethodInfo mi = clientType.GetMethod(parameters.MethodName);
          Object result = mi.Invoke(client, null);
          mi = clientType.GetMethod("Close"); //关闭代理
          mi.Invoke(client, null);
          return result;
      }

 }