python编辑选课系统

一.需求分析

　　1. 创建北京、上海 2 所学校
　　2. 创建linux , python , go 3个课程 ， linux\py 在北京开， go 在上海开
　　3. 课程包含，周期，价格，通过学校创建课程 
　　4. 通过学校创建班级， 班级关联课程、讲师
　　5. 创建学员时，选择学校，关联班级
　　6. 创建讲师角色时要关联学校， 
　　6. 提供两个角色接口
　　6.1 学员视图， 可以注册， 交学费， 选择班级，
　　6.2 讲师视图， 讲师可管理自己的班级， 上课时选择班级， 查看班级学员列表 ， 修改所管理的学员的成绩 
　　6.3 管理视图，创建讲师， 创建班级，创建课程

　　7. 上面的操作产生的数据都通过pickle序列化保存到文件里

二.程序设计原理图

三.代码实现

　　工程的创建按照较为简便的格式来描述，大致目录结构如图：

选课系统/
|-- bin
|   |-- __init__.py
|
|-- db/
|   |--database/
|　  　|-- 北京电影学院.pickle
|　　　|-- 上海戏剧学院.pickle
|　 |-- __init__.py
|　　
|-- core/
|   |-- __init__.py
|   |-- db_handle.py
|　 |-- db_opt.py
|　 |-- main.py
|   |-- school_class.py
|
|-- conf/
|   |-- __init_py.py
|   |-- setting.py
|
|-- __init__.py
|-- requirements.txt
|-- README


　　setting.py程序代码如下：

import os
import sys

BASE_DIR = os.path.abspath(r'..')

# print(os.environ)

DATA_BASE ={
    'engine' :'file_storage',
    'suffix':'pickle',
    'name': 'database',
    'path':'%s\db'%BASE_DIR
}

# print(DATA_BASE['path'])

　　db_handle.py程序代码如下：

'''
    handle all the database interactions
'''

def file_handle_db(conn_param):
    '''
    parse the db file path
    :param conn_param: the db connection params set in settings
    :return: file path
    '''
    db_path = '%s'%conn_param['path']
    return db_path

def mysql_db_handle(conn_parms):
    '''
    
    :param conn_parms: 
    :return: 
    '''
    pass

def db_handle(conn_param):
    '''
    prase all db type 
    :param conn_param: db config
    :return: 
    '''
    if conn_param['engine'] == 'file_storage':
        return file_handle_db(conn_param)
    elif conn_param['engine'] == 'mysql':
        return mysql_db_handle(conn_param)
    else:
        pass

　　db_opt.py程序代码如下：

import pickle
import json
import os

from 课后作业.选课系统.conf  import setting
from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import db_handle


def file_opt_read(account_file,conn_params):
    '''
    use pickle to load data
    :param account_file: file path
    :param conn_params: data_base config
    :return: file data
    '''
    with open(account_file, 'rb') as f:
        if conn_params['suffix'] == 'pickle':
            account_data = pickle.load(f)
        elif conn_params['suffix'] == 'json':
            account_data = json.load(f)
        else:
            return
    return account_data


def file_opt_wtite(school_file,account_data,conn_params):
    '''
    use pickle to dump data
    :param school_file: file path
    :param account_data: jump data
    :param conn_params: data_base config
    :return: 
    '''
    with open(school_file, 'wb') as f:
        if conn_params['suffix'] == 'pickle':
            acc_data = pickle.dump(account_data, f)
        elif conn_params['suffix'] == 'json':
            acc_data = json.dump(account_data, f)
    return True


def database_read(name):
    '''
    to read school data from database 
    :param name: file name
    :return: 
    '''
    db_path = db_handle.db_handle(setting.DATA_BASE)#获取路径
    account_file = "%s\%s\%s.%s" % (db_path,setting.DATA_BASE['name'],name,setting.DATA_BASE['suffix'])
    if os.path.isfile(account_file):
        return file_opt_read(account_file,setting.DATA_BASE)
    else:
        return False



def database_write(account_data):
    '''
    after updated transaction or account data , dump it back to file db
    :param account_data:
    :return:
    '''
    db_path = db_handle.db_handle(setting.DATA_BASE)
    school_file = "%s/%s/%s.%s" %(db_path,setting.DATA_BASE['name'],account_data.name,setting.DATA_BASE['suffix'])
    return file_opt_wtite(school_file,account_data,setting.DATA_BASE)

　　school_class.py程序代码如下：

from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import db_opt

class Course(object):
    '''
    create a course class
    :param name:Course name price: Course price time :Course learning cycle
    :return:
    '''
    def __init__(self,name,price,time):
        self.name = name
        self.price = price
        self.time = time

    def tell(self):
        print('''
        --- Info of Course [%s] ---
        Name = %s
        Price = %s
        Time = %s
        '''%(self.name,self.name,self.price,self.time))

class Class(object):
    '''
    create a class class 创建一个班级类
    :param name:class name ,course:a course class ,teacher:a teacher class 
    :return:
    '''
    def __init__(self,name,course,teacher):
        self.name = name
        self.course = course
        self.teacher = teacher
        self.student = []
    def tell(self):
        print('''
        --- Info of %s ---
        Class ：%s
        Course ：%s
        Teacher ：%s
        '''%(self.name,self.name,self.course,self.teacher))

class School(object):
    '''
     create a school class 创建一个班级类
     :param name:school name ,addr:school addr ,teachers[]:a list save in memory that info of teachers be hired
     :param students[]:a list save in memory that info of students be enrolled
     :param courses[]:a list save in memory that info of courses be created 
     :param classes[]:a list save in memory that info of classes be created 
     :return:
     '''
    def __init__(self,name,addr):
        self.name = name
        self.addr = addr
        self.teachers = []
        self.students = []
        self.courses = []
        self.classes = []
    def tell(self):
        print('''
        --- Info of School ：%s ---
        Name ： %s
        Addr ： %s
        '''%(self.name,self.name,self.addr))

    def hire(self,teacher,salary):
        teacher.school = self.name
        teacher.salary =salary
        self.teachers.append(teacher)
        print("%s has hire %s to be a teacher"%(self.name,teacher.name))

    def enroll(self,student,student_class):
        self.students.append(student)
        student_class.student.append(student)
        student.choose_school(self.name)
        student.choose_class(student_class)
        print("%s has enroll %s to be a student"%(self.name,student.name))

    def create_course(self,course_name,price,time):#创建课程类
        self.courses.append(Course(course_name,price,time))
        print("%s has creat course[%s]"%(self.name,course_name))

    def create_class(self,Class_name,course,teacher):
        info = Class(Class_name,course.name,teacher.name)
        self.classes.append(info)
        teacher.Class.append(info)

class SchoolMember(object):
    '''
    it's a base class include of teacher and student
    :param
    :return
    '''
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.sex = sex
    def tell(self):#个人信息,子类来完善
        pass

class Teacher(SchoolMember):
    '''
    it's a subclass class Inheritance by SchoolMember to create a Teacher object
    :param
    :return
    '''
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,course,salary='null',school='null'):
        super(Teacher,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
        self.salary = salary
        self.course = course
        self.school = school
        self.Class =[]

    def tell(self):
        print('''
        --- Info of %s ---
        Name = %s
        Age = %s
        Sex = %s
        Salary = %s
        Course = %s
        Shool = %s
        '''%(self.name,self.name,self.age,self.sex,self.salary,self.course,self.school))

class Student(SchoolMember):
    '''
    it's a subclass class Inheritance by SchoolMember to create a Student object
    :param
    :return
    '''
    def __init__(self, name, age, sex,school='null',grade='null',Class='null',tuition = False):
        super(Student, self).__init__(name, age, sex)
        self.__school = school
        self.grade = grade
        self.__Class = Class
        self.__tuition = tuition

    def choose_school(self,name):
        self.__school = name

    def choose_grade(self,grade):
        self.grade = grade
        print("%s grade change success ！！！"%self.name)

    def choose_class(self,Class):
        self.__Class = Class.name
        print("%s choose class success ！！！"%self.name)

    def tuition(self):
        self.__tuition = True
        print("%s tuituin success ！！！"%self.name)

    def tell(self):
        print('''
        --- Info of %s ---
        Name = %s
        Age = %s
        Sex = %s
        School = %s
        Class = %s
        Grade = %s
        tuition = %s
        '''%(self.name,self.name,self.age,self.sex,self.__school,self.__Class,self.__grade,self.__tuition))

　　main.py程序代码如下：

from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import db_opt
from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import school_class


def creat_school():
    '''
    create a school class
    :return: 
    '''
    name = input('please input the school name:').strip()
    addr = input('Plsase input the school addr:').strip()

    School = school_class.School(name,addr)
    if(db_opt.database_write(School)):
        print("\033[31;1mSchool [%s] has be created！\033[0m"%School.name)
        return School
    else:
        return False

def read_school_info(school):
    '''
    load school information from data base 
    :param school: school name
    :return: school data
    '''
    return  db_opt.database_read(school)
def write_school_info(school):
    '''
    dump school information from data base 
    :param school: school name
    :return: school data
    '''
    return db_opt.database_write(school)

'''
student interface 
'''
def student_enroll(school):
    '''
    to handle the student enroll 
    :param school: a school class 
    :return: 
    '''
    name = input("please input the student name : ")
    age = input("please input the student age : ")
    sex = input("please input the student sex : ")
    print("---------info of class----------")
    for i,info in enumerate(school.classes):
        print('%s.  %s %s %s  '%(i+1,info.name,info.course,info.teacher))
    student_num = int(input((">>:")).strip()) - 1

    student= school_class.Student(name,age,sex)#creat a student class
    school.enroll(student,school.classes[student_num])#enroll a student
    write_school_info(school)
def student_pay(school):
    '''
    to handle the student tuition
    :param school: a school class 
    :return: 
    '''
    name = input("please input student name : ")
    for info in school.students:
        if info.name == name:
            info.tuition()
            write_school_info(school)
def student_choose_class(school):
    pass
def studnt_view(school):
    '''
    student interface
    :param school: a school class
    :return: 
    '''
    menu = u'''
    ------- Bank ---------
    \033[32;1m
    1.  注册
    2.  缴费
    3.  选择班级
    4.  退出
    \033[0m'''
    menu_dic = {
        '1': student_enroll,
        '2': student_pay,
        '3': student_choose_class,
    }
    exit_flag = False
    while not exit_flag:
        print(menu)
        user_option = input(">>:").strip()
        if user_option in menu_dic:
            menu_dic[user_option](school)
        else:
            print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")

'''
teacher interface 
'''
def teacher_teach(school):
    '''
    handle the interaction of teacher choose class to teach
    :param school: a school class 
    :return: 
    '''
    name = input("please input your name : ").strip()
    print("------class info------")
    for info in school.teachers:
        if info.name == name :
            for i,index in enumerate(info.Class):
                print("%s.  %s "%(i+1,index.name))

    user_option = int(input(">>:").strip())-1
    print("%s has teach course[%s] in class[%s]"%(school.teachers[user_option].name,school.teachers[user_option].course,school.teachers[user_option].Class[user_option].name))
def teacher_student_view(school):
    '''
    a interface for teacher to view student
    :param school: a school class 
    :return: 
    '''
    print("-----------info of classes----------")
    for i,info in enumerate(school.classes):
        print("%s.  %s"%(i+1,info.name))
    user_option = int(input(">>:").strip())-1
    for info in school.classes[user_option].student:
        print(info.name)
def teacher_change_grade(school):
    '''
    a interface for teacher to change student grade 
    :param school: a school class
    :return: 
    '''
    print("-----------info of classes----------")
    for i,info in enumerate(school.classes):
        print("%s.  %s"%(i+1,info.name))
    user_option = int(input(">>:").strip())-1
    for i,info in enumerate(school.classes[user_option].student):
        print("%s. %s  %s "%(i+1,info.name,info.grade))
    stu_option = int(input(">>:").strip()) - 1
    grade= int(input("pelase input the Student %s new grade : "%(school.classes[user_option].student[stu_option].name)).strip())
    school.classes[user_option].student[stu_option].choose_grade(grade)
    write_school_info(school)
def teacher_view(school):
    '''
    teacher interface
    :param school: a school class
    :return: 
    '''
    menu = u'''
    ------- Bank ---------
    \033[32;1m
    1.  上课
    2.  查看成员
    3.  修改成绩
    4.  退出
    \033[0m'''
    menu_dic = {
        '1': teacher_teach,
        '2': teacher_student_view,
        '3': teacher_change_grade,
    }
    exit_flag = False
    while not exit_flag:
        print(menu)
        user_option = input(">>:").strip()
        if user_option in menu_dic:
            menu_dic[user_option](school)
        else:
            print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")




'''
manage interface 
'''
def hire_teacher(school):
    '''
    to hire a teacher by school  
    :param school: a school class
    :return: true
    '''
    name = input("please input the teacher name : ")
    age = input("please input the teacher age : ")
    sex = input("plesse input the teacher sex : ")
    course = input("please input the teach course : ")
    salary = input("please input the teacher salary : ")
    teacher = school_class.Teacher(name,age,sex,course)
    school.hire(teacher,salary)
    write_school_info(school)
    return True
def create_class(school):
    '''
    to create a class(班级) by school
    :param school: a school class
    :return: true 
    '''
    classname = input("please input the class name : ")
    print("----------info of course-----------")
    for i,info in enumerate(school.courses):
        print("%s.  %s"%(i+1,info.name))
    course_num = int(input((">>:")).strip())-1
    print("----------info of teacher----------")
    for i,info in enumerate(school.teachers):
        print("%s.  teacher name:%s course:%s"%(i+1,info.name,info.course))
    teacher_num = int(input((">>:")).strip())-1

    school.create_class(classname,school.courses[course_num],school.teachers[teacher_num])
    write_school_info(school)
def create_course(school):
    '''
    to create a course by school
    :param school: a school class
    :return: true
    '''
    name = input("please input the course name : ").strip()
    price = input("please input the course price : ").strip()
    time = input("please input the course time : ").strip()
    school.create_course(name,price,time)
    write_school_info(school)
def manage_view(school):
    '''
    manage interface 
    :param school: 
    :return: 
    '''
    menu = u'''
    ------- Bank ---------
    \033[32;1m
    1.  创建讲师
    2.  创建班级
    3.  创建课程
    4.  退出
    \033[0m'''
    menu_dic = {
        '1': hire_teacher,
        '2': create_class,
        '3': create_course,
    }
    exit_flag = False
    while not exit_flag:
        print(menu)
        user_option = input(">>:").strip()
        if user_option in menu_dic:
            menu_dic[user_option](school)
        else:
            print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")


def main():
    '''
    interact with user
    :return:
    '''

    choose = input("please input your school: \n1.北京电影学院\n2.上海戏剧学院\n>> :")

    if choose == '1':
        school = read_school_info("北京电影学院")
    elif choose == '2':
        school = read_school_info("上海戏剧学院")

    menu = u'''
    ------- Bank ---------
    \033[32;1m
    1.  学员视图
    2.  讲师视图
    3.  管理视图
    4.  退出
    \033[0m'''
    menu_dic = {
        '1': studnt_view,
        '2': teacher_view,
        '3': manage_view,
    }
    exit_flag = False
    while not exit_flag:
        print(menu)
        user_option = input(">>:").strip()
        if user_option in menu_dic:
            menu_dic[user_option](school)
        else:
            print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")



main()