matplotlib grid()设置网格线外观的实现

时间:2022-11-17 07:48:53

grid()函数概述

grid()函数用于设置绘图区网格线。
grid()的函数签名为matplotlib.pyplot.grid(b=None, which="major", axis="both", **kwargs)
grid()的参数如下:

  • b:是否显示网格线。布尔值或None,可选参数。如果没有关键字参数,则bTrue,如果bNone且没有关键字参数,相当于切换网格线的可见性。
  • which:网格线显示的尺度。字符串,可选参数,取值范围为{"major", "minor", "both"},默认为"both""major"为主刻度、"minor"为次刻度。
  • axis:选择网格线显示的轴。字符串,可选参数,取值范围为{"both", "x", "y"},默认为"both"`。
  • **kwargsLine2D线条对象属性。

grid()的返回值为None

grid()函数演示

matplotlib grid()设置网格线外观的实现

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.subplot(341)
# grid()默认样式
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid()
plt.annotate("grid()", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(342)
# 因为默认没有网格线,所以grid(None)显示网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(None)
plt.annotate("grid(None)", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(343)
# 因为设置了网格线,所以grid(None)切换为不显示网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(True)
plt.grid(None)
plt.annotate("grid(None)", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(344)
# 因为默认没有网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.annotate("default", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(345)
# 只显示主刻度网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(which="major")
plt.annotate("which="major"", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(346)
# 只显示次刻度网格线,因为没有次刻度,所以无网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(which="minor")
plt.annotate("which="minor"", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(347)
# 同时显示主刻度、次刻度网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(which="both")
plt.annotate("which="both"", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(348)
plt.plot([1, 1])
# 默认同时显示主刻度、次刻度网格线
plt.grid()
plt.annotate("default", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(349)
# 只显示x轴网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(axis="x")
plt.annotate("axis="x"", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(3,4,10)
# 只显示y轴网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(axis="y")
plt.annotate("axis="y"", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(3,4,11)
# 同时显示xy轴网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid(axis="both")
plt.annotate("axis="both"", (0, 1))
plt.subplot(3,4,12)
# 默认显示xy轴网格线
plt.plot([1, 1])
plt.grid()
plt.annotate("default", (0, 1))
plt.show()

原理

pyplot.grid()其实调用的是gca().grid(),即Aexs.grid()

底层相关函数有:
Axis.grid()

Axes.grid()源码(matplotlib/Axes/_base.py

def grid(self, b=None, which="major", axis="both", **kwargs):
    cbook._check_in_list(["x", "y", "both"], axis=axis)
    if axis in ["x", "both"]:
      self.xaxis.grid(b, which=which, **kwargs)
    if axis in ["y", "both"]:
      self.yaxis.grid(b, which=which, **kwargs)

xaxisXAxis类的实例,yaxisYAxis类的实例,XAxisYAxis类的基类为Axis

Axis.grid()源码(matplotlib/axis.py

def grid(self, b=None, which="major", **kwargs):
  if b is not None:
    if "visible" in kwargs and bool(b) != bool(kwargs["visible"]):
      raise ValueError(
        ""b" and "visible" specify inconsistent grid visibilities")
    if kwargs and not b: # something false-like but not None
      cbook._warn_external("First parameter to grid() is false, "
                 "but line properties are supplied. The "
                 "grid will be enabled.")
      b = True
  which = which.lower()
  cbook._check_in_list(["major", "minor", "both"], which=which)
  gridkw = {"grid_" + item[0]: item[1] for item in kwargs.items()}
  if "grid_visible" in gridkw:
    forced_visibility = True
    gridkw["gridOn"] = gridkw.pop("grid_visible")
  else:
    forced_visibility = False

  if which in ["minor", "both"]:
    if b is None and not forced_visibility:
      gridkw["gridOn"] = not self._minor_tick_kw["gridOn"]
    elif b is not None:
      gridkw["gridOn"] = b
    self.set_tick_params(which="minor", **gridkw)
  if which in ["major", "both"]:
    if b is None and not forced_visibility:
      gridkw["gridOn"] = not self._major_tick_kw["gridOn"]
    elif b is not None:
      gridkw["gridOn"] = b
    self.set_tick_params(which="major", **gridkw)
  self.stale = True

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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/mighty13/article/details/113854397