【C#】判断字符串中是否包含指定字符串,contains与indexof方法效率问题

时间:2022-02-14 23:56:01

  

#方法一:使用string.Contains方法

  string.Contains是大小写敏感的,如果要用该方法来判断一个string是否包含某个关键字keyword,需要把这个string和这个keyword都转成小写或大写再调用Contains方法;

 string key = "bbb";
string temp = "aaaBBBcccDDD";
bool isContains= temp.ToLower().Contains(key.ToLower());//true

#方法二:使用sring.IndexOf方法

  使用string.Index方法,然后通过StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase指定查找过程忽略大小写;

 string key = "bbb";
string temp = "aaaBBBcccDDD";
bool isContains = temp.IndexOf(key,StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)>=;//true

#当设计到大小写的问题时,那什么时候使用Contains的上述方法,什么时候使用IndexOf的上述方法,哪个效率高?

  contains方法的源码中其实是使用了IndexOf方法的,但效率还是有差别的;

1、测试代码:基于.net4.5

  注:此测试针对的是拥有大量英文的情况下,并且指定的字符串为英文

  每个方法测试1千万次,输出所用时间;

 class Program
{
private const int N = ;
private static Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
static void Main(string[] args)
{ string source = "aaabbbcccdddeeefffggghhhiiijjjkkklllmmmnnnooopppqqq";
string target = "AAA";
Console.WriteLine("目标在开头部分时:");
Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:");
TestContains(source, target,true);
TestIndexOf(source, target,true);
Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:");
target = "aaa";
TestContains(source, target,false);
TestIndexOf(source, target,false);
Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("目标在中部时:");
Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:");
target = "HHH";
TestContains(source, target, true);
TestIndexOf(source, target, true);
Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:");
target = "hhh";
TestContains(source, target, false);
TestIndexOf(source, target, false);
Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("目标在结尾时:");
Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:");
target = "QQQ";
TestContains(source, target,true);
TestIndexOf(source, target,true);
Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:");
target = "qqq";
TestContains(source, target,false);
TestIndexOf(source, target,false); Console.WriteLine("执行完毕,按任意键退出...");
Console.ReadKey(); }
private static void TestIndexOf(string source, string target,bool isIgnoreCase)
{
watch.Reset();
watch.Start();
for (int i = ; i < N; i++)
{
if (isIgnoreCase)
source.IndexOf(target, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
else
source.IndexOf(target);
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("IndexOf: " + watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");
return;
} private static void TestContains(string source, string target,bool isIgnoreCase)
{
watch.Reset();
watch.Start();
for (int i = ; i < N; i++)
{
if (isIgnoreCase)
source.ToLower().Contains(target.ToLower());
else
source.Contains(target);
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("Contains: " + watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");
return;
}
}

2、测试结果:

【C#】判断字符串中是否包含指定字符串,contains与indexof方法效率问题

3、总结

  1、从测试结果(大量测试)中能明显看出,当拥有大量英文的字符串中:

  *当不区分大小写时,string.IndexOf方法的效率明显高于string.Contains方法;

  *当区分大小写时,string.Contains方法的效率明显高于string.IndexOf方法;

  *如果判断的是中文,没有大小写之分,还是string.Contains方法的效率高;

  2、综合上述总结,定义了一个String扩展方法,该方法包含一个StringComparison参数,返回值为是否包含子字符串:

    参考:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.string.contains?redirectedfrom=MSDN&view=netframework-4.5#System_String_Contains_System_String_

 using System;

 public static class StringExtensions
{
public static bool Contains(this String str, String substring,
StringComparison comp)
{
if (substring == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("substring",
"substring cannot be null.");
else if (! Enum.IsDefined(typeof(StringComparison), comp))
throw new ArgumentException("comp is not a member of StringComparison",
"comp"); return str.IndexOf(substring, comp) >= ;
}
}
 using System;

 public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
String s = "This is a string.";
String sub1 = "this";
Console.WriteLine("Does '{0}' contain '{1}'?", s, sub1);
StringComparison comp = StringComparison.Ordinal;
Console.WriteLine(" {0:G}: {1}", comp, s.Contains(sub1, comp)); comp = StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase;
Console.WriteLine(" {0:G}: {1}", comp, s.Contains(sub1, comp));
}
}
// The example displays the following output:
// Does 'This is a string.' contain 'this'?
// Ordinal: False
// OrdinalIgnoreCase: True