相关资料:
1.http://blog.****.net/laorenshen/article/details/41149803
2.http://www.cnblogs.com/findumars/p/5149128.html
一、理清概念
1.蓝牙设备:是指代有蓝牙通信的手机、电脑、平板、打印机、耳机等。
2.设备名称:是指设备打开蓝牙功能后,在其他设备中显示的名字,如图1用的A、B、C等。
3.蓝牙关态:如果A手机没有打开蓝牙功能,A手机是不能使用搜索的。就算A打开蓝牙,其他的设备没打开,A也是搜索不到的,如E。
4.服务名称:每一个设备上打开蓝牙时,都会提供不同的服务,服务的名称是在其他设备上显示的。
5.服务是从哪里来的?其实打开蓝牙功能,只是设备开启此功能,但没有实际的应用功能。必须由某个程序或应用建立相关的服务,其他设备才能与此设备通信。
二、Delphi中提供了什么?
1.蓝牙相关功能在System.Bluetooth.pas单元。
2.Bluetooth.pas提供的对像
TBluetoothManager:蓝牙管理器。用于蓝牙设备管理,包括发现蓝牙设备,获取配对设备,处理远程配对请求等功能。
TBluetoothDeviceList:是蓝牙设备列表。可以通过TBluetoothManager.GetPairedDevices获得配对设备列表
TBluetoothAdapter:本机蓝牙设备,实现配对、取消配对等功能,可通过
TBluetoothDevice:远端蓝牙设备,每个远端设备可以提供若干个服务
TBluetoothService:远端蓝牙设备服务,包括服务名和UUID
TBluetoothServiceList:服务列表。可通过TBluetoothDevice.GetServices获得远端设备服务列表
TBluetoothSocket:蓝牙通讯套接字。
三、实例解析
小米手机2
1.打开蓝牙
2.点击“发现设备”,过一会就会在下面的列表中显示出所有搜索到的蓝牙设备。
3.在出现的蓝牙设备列表中,选一个。比如“小米手机5”。
4.点击“配对”,这时小米手机5会收到配对信息。
5.这时配对设备列表中就会出现小米手机5,选中它。
6.点击“服务”,出现N个服务,但这时你不知道怎么与小米手机5通信。对的还少个服务。
7.操作小米手机5中的第三步。
8.在服务列表中选中最下方的(晕,不知道为什么名字是个空串)。
9.进入服务演示页面。
10.点“发送短信给”不好意思,我不小心点了二下,所以小米手机5收到二次。
11.这时小米手机5就收到了信息。
小米手机5
1.打开蓝牙
2.接受小米手机2的配对请求。
3.点击“创建文本服务”
PS:
1.同一个程序里包括了发送信息,与接收信息。所以程序可以在二个手机上测试。
2.现在只能小米手机2给小米手机5发信息,为什么呢?因为小米手机2没有建服务呀。
3.如果小米手机5的程序退出,你会发现小米手机2上查看服务,刚才小米手机5建立的服务不见了。
4.图片本来很清楚,但为了文章的大小,就成了现在的惨不忍睹了。望大家见谅。
Delphi官方实例源码:
unit Unit1; interface uses
System.SysUtils, System.Types, System.UITypes, System.Classes, System.Variants,
FMX.Types, FMX.Controls, FMX.Forms, FMX.Graphics, FMX.Dialogs, System.Bluetooth,
FMX.Layouts, FMX.ListBox, FMX.StdCtrls, FMX.Memo, FMX.Controls.Presentation,
FMX.Edit, FMX.TabControl, FMX.ScrollBox; type
//读取数据线程
TServerConnectionTH = class(TThread)
private
{ Private declarations }
FServerSocket: TBluetoothServerSocket;
FSocket: TBluetoothSocket;
FData: TBytes;
protected
procedure Execute; override;
public
{ Public declarations }
constructor Create(ACreateSuspended: Boolean);
destructor Destroy; override;
end; TForm1 = class(TForm)
ButtonDiscover: TButton;
ButtonPair: TButton;
ButtonUnPair: TButton;
ButtonPairedDevices: TButton;
DisplayR: TMemo;
Edit1: TEdit;
Button2: TButton;
FreeSocket: TButton;
Labeldiscoverable: TLabel;
ComboBoxDevices: TComboBox;
ComboBoxPaired: TComboBox;
Panel1: TPanel;
TabControl1: TTabControl;
TabItem1: TTabItem;
TabItem2: TTabItem;
LabelNameSarver: TLabel;
ButtonServices: TButton;
ComboBoxServices: TComboBox;
PanelClient: TPanel;
LabelClient: TLabel;
ButtonConnectToRFCOMM: TButton;
PanelServer: TPanel;
ButtonCloseReadingSocket: TButton;
ButtonOpenReadingSocket: TButton;
LabelServer: TLabel;
Label1: TLabel;
procedure ButtonDiscoverClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure ButtonPairClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure ButtonUnPairClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure ButtonPairedDeviceClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);
procedure ButtonOpenReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure ButtonConnectToRFCOMMClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure ButtonCloseReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
procedure FreeSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
function ManagerConnected:Boolean;
function GetServiceName(GUID: string): string;
procedure ComboBoxPairedChange(Sender: TObject);
procedure ButtonServicesClick(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
FBluetoothManager: TBluetoothManager;
FDiscoverDevices: TBluetoothDeviceList;
FPairedDevices: TBluetoothDeviceList;
FAdapter: TBluetoothAdapter;
FData: TBytes;
FSocket: TBluetoothSocket;
ItemIndex: Integer;
ServerConnectionTH: TServerConnectionTH;
procedure DevicesDiscoveryEnd(const Sender: TObject; const ADevices: TBluetoothDeviceList);
procedure PairedDevices;
procedure SendData;
public
{ Public declarations }
end; Const
ServiceName = 'Basic Text Server';
ServiceGUI = '{B62C4E8D-62CC-404B-BBBF-BF3E3BBB1378}';
var
Form1: TForm1; implementation {$R *.fmx}
{$R *.NmXhdpiPh.fmx ANDROID}
{$R *.LgXhdpiPh.fmx ANDROID}
{$R *.SmXhdpiPh.fmx ANDROID}
{$R *.Macintosh.fmx MACOS}
{$R *.iPhone4in.fmx IOS}
{$R *.Windows.fmx MSWINDOWS}
//配对(Pair)
procedure TForm1.ButtonPairClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
if ManagerConnected then
if ComboboxDevices.ItemIndex > - then
FAdapter.Pair(FDiscoverDevices[ComboboxDevices.ItemIndex])
else
ShowMessage('没有选择的设备(No device selected)');
end; //取消配对(UnPair)
procedure TForm1.ButtonUnPairClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
if ManagerConnected then
if ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex > - then
FAdapter.UnPair(FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex])
else
ShowMessage('未选择配对设备(No Paired device selected)');
end; procedure TForm1.ComboBoxPairedChange(Sender: TObject);
begin
LabelNameSarver.Text := ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
end; procedure TForm1.PairedDevices;
var
I: Integer;
begin
ComboboxPaired.Clear;
if ManagerConnected then
begin
FPairedDevices := FBluetoothManager.GetPairedDevices;
if FPairedDevices.Count > then
for I:= to FPairedDevices.Count - do
ComboboxPaired.Items.Add(FPairedDevices[I].DeviceName)
else
ComboboxPaired.Items.Add('没有配对设备(No Paired Devices)');
end;
end; //配对设备(Paired Devices)
procedure TForm1.ButtonPairedDeviceClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
PairedDevices;
ComboboxPaired.DropDown;
end; //服务(Services)
procedure TForm1.ButtonServicesClick(Sender: TObject);
var
LServices: TBluetoothServiceList;
LDevice: TBluetoothDevice;
I: Integer;
begin
ComboBoxServices.Clear;
if ManagerConnected then
if ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex > - then
begin
LDevice := FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex] as TBluetoothDevice;
LServices := LDevice.GetServices;
for I := to LServices.Count - do
ComboBoxServices.Items.Add(LServices[I].Name + ' --> ' + GUIDToString(LServices[I].UUID));
ComboBoxServices.ItemIndex := ;
ComboBoxServices.DropDown;
end
else
ShowMessage('未选择配对设备(No paired device selected)');
end; //释放客户套接字(Free Client Socket)
procedure TForm1.FreeSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
FreeAndNil(FSocket);
DisplayR.Lines.Add('客户套接字释放(Client socket set free)');
DisplayR.GoToLineEnd;
end; //清空(Clear)
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
DisplayR.ReadOnly := False;
DisplayR.SelectAll;
DisplayR.DeleteSelection;
DisplayR.ReadOnly := True;
end; function TForm1.GetServiceName(GUID: string): string;
var
LServices: TBluetoothServiceList;
LDevice: TBluetoothDevice;
I: Integer;
begin
LDevice := FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex] as TBluetoothDevice;
LServices := LDevice.GetServices;
for I := to LServices.Count - do
begin
if StringToGUID(GUID) = LServices[I].UUID then
begin
Result := LServices[I].Name;
break;
end;
end;
end; //发送短信给 - >(Send text to ->)
procedure TForm1.ButtonConnectToRFCOMMClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
if ManagerConnected then
try
SendData;
except
on E : Exception do
begin
DisplayR.Lines.Add(E.Message);
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
FreeAndNil(FSocket);
end;
end;
end; //判断蓝牙的状态
function TForm1.ManagerConnected:Boolean;
begin
if FBluetoothManager.ConnectionState = TBluetoothConnectionState.Connected then
begin
Labeldiscoverable.Text := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter.AdapterName;
Result := True;
end
else
begin
Result := False;
DisplayR.Lines.Add('没有发现蓝牙设备(No Bluetooth device Found)');
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
end
end; //发送信息方法
procedure TForm1.SendData;
var
ToSend: TBytes;
LDevice: TBluetoothDevice;
begin
if (FSocket = nil) or (ItemIndex <> ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex) then
begin
if ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex > - then
begin
LDevice := FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex] as TBluetoothDevice;
DisplayR.Lines.Add(GetServiceName(ServiceGUI));
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
FSocket := LDevice.CreateClientSocket(StringToGUID(ServiceGUI), False);
if FSocket <> nil then
begin
ItemIndex := ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex;
FSocket.Connect;
ToSend := TEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Edit1.Text);
FSocket.SendData(ToSend);
DisplayR.Lines.Add('短信已发送(Text Sent)');
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
end
else
ShowMessage('Out of time -15s-');
end
else
ShowMessage('未选择配对设备(No paired device selected)');
end
else
begin
ToSend := TEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Edit1.Text);
FSocket.SendData(ToSend);
DisplayR.Lines.Add('短信已发送(Text Sent)');
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
end;
end; //发现设备(Discover devices)
procedure TForm1.ButtonDiscoverClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
ComboboxDevices.Clear;
if ManagerConnected then
begin
FAdapter := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter;
FBluetoothManager.StartDiscovery();
FBluetoothManager.OnDiscoveryEnd := DevicesDiscoveryEnd;
end;
end; procedure TForm1.DevicesDiscoveryEnd(const Sender: TObject; const ADevices: TBluetoothDeviceList);
begin
TThread.Synchronize(nil, procedure
var
I: Integer;
begin
FDiscoverDevices := ADevices;
for I := to ADevices.Count - do
ComboboxDevices.Items.Add(ADevices[I].DeviceName + ' -> ' + ADevices[I].Address);
ComboboxDevices.ItemIndex := ;
end);
end; //创建文本服务(Create text service)
procedure TForm1.ButtonOpenReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
if (ServerConnectionTH = nil) and ManagerConnected then
begin
try
FAdapter := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter;
ServerConnectionTH := TServerConnectionTH.Create(True);
ServerConnectionTH.FServerSocket := FAdapter.CreateServerSocket(ServiceName, StringToGUID(ServiceGUI), False);
ServerConnectionTH.Start;
DisplayR.Lines.Add(' - 创建服务(Service created): "'+ServiceName+'"');
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
except
on E : Exception do
begin
DisplayR.Lines.Add(E.Message);
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
end;
end;
end;
end; //删除文字服务(Remove text service)
procedure TForm1.ButtonCloseReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
if ServerConnectionTH <> nil then
begin
ServerConnectionTH.Terminate;
ServerConnectionTH.WaitFor;
FreeAndNil(ServerConnectionTH);
DisplayR.Lines.Add(' - 服务删除(Service removed) -');
DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
end
end; //显示窗体时,建立蓝牙管理器,并检查是否开启
procedure TForm1.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
begin
try
LabelServer.Text := ServiceName;
LabelClient.Text := 'Client of '+ServiceName;
FBluetoothManager := TBluetoothManager.Current;
FAdapter := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter;
if ManagerConnected then
begin
PairedDevices;
ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex := ;
end;
except
on E : Exception do
begin
ShowMessage(E.Message);
end;
end;
end; //关闭时,释放线程
procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
if ServerConnectionTH <> nil then
begin
ServerConnectionTH.Terminate;
ServerConnectionTH.WaitFor;
FreeAndNil(ServerConnectionTH);
end
end; {TServerConnection}
constructor TServerConnectionTH.Create(ACreateSuspended: Boolean);
begin
inherited;
end; //释放资源
destructor TServerConnectionTH.Destroy;
begin
FSocket.Free;
FServerSocket.Free;
inherited;
end; //读取线程的读取数据方法
procedure TServerConnectionTH.execute;
var
ASocket: TBluetoothSocket;
Msg: string;
begin
while not Terminated do
try
ASocket := nil;
while not Terminated and (ASocket = nil) do
ASocket := FServerSocket.Accept();
if(ASocket <> nil) then
begin
FSocket := ASocket;
while not Terminated do
begin
FData := ASocket.ReadData;
if length(FData) > then
Synchronize(procedure
begin
Form1.DisplayR.Lines.Add(TEncoding.UTF8.GetString(FData));
Form1.DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
end);
sleep();
end;
end;
except
on E : Exception do
begin
Msg := E.Message;
Synchronize(procedure
begin
Form1.DisplayR.Lines.Add('服务器关闭套接字(Server Socket closed): ' + Msg);
Form1.DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
end);
end;
end;
end; end.