概述
Spring MVC是由View—Controller—Model组成,其中View和Controller的数据交互,成为了关注的核心点。MVC中,我们将View中的数据传递到Controller,可以采用POST或者Get,传递相应的参数。Controller通过绑定来,匹配前台传递的参数。后台Controller也可以将值传递到前台页面。
View值传递Controller
绑定传值的常用方式有如下
- @RequestParam,绑定单个请求数据,可以是URL中的数据,表单提交的数据或上传的文件;
- @PathVariable,绑定URL模板变量值;
- @CookieValue,绑定Cookie数据;
- @RequestHeader,绑定请求头数据;
- @ModelAttribute,绑定数据到Model;
- @SessionAttributes,绑定数据到Session;
- @RequestBody,用来处理Content-Type不是application/x-www-form-urlencoded编码的内容,例如application/json, application/xml等;
@RequestParam和@PathVariable使用举例Controller如下:
@RequestMapping(value="/City/{cname:\\w+}-{id:\\d+}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView ChinaCity(@PathVariable(value="id") String ID,@PathVariable(value="cname") String Name,
@RequestParam("code") String UserCode)
{
ModelAndView modv=new ModelAndView();
modv.addObject("cityid", ID);
modv.addObject("cname", Name);
modv.addObject("code", UserCode);
modv.setViewName("HelloWorld/ChinaCity");
return modv;
}
匹配解析URL: http://www.xxx.com/MVCDEMO/HellowWorld/City/Beijing/23?code=988234
@CookieValue和@RequestHeader以及@ModelAttribute使用举例如下
@RequestMapping("/UserCook")
public ModelAndView ShowUserSessionModel(@CookieValue("JSESSIONID") String CookName,@RequestHeader("User-Agent") String Userage,
@ModelAttribute("userinfo") UserInfo user)
{
ModelAndView RMV=new ModelAndView();
RMV.setViewName("User/UserCook");
RMV.addObject("Cookmsg", CookName+"-"+Userage);
return RMV;
}
解析:@CookieValue解析浏览器cookie值,@RequestHeader解析浏览器请求Header头部值,而@ModelAttribute解析Form表单绑定的Model值,对应Jsp如下
<from:form action="" method="post" modelAttribute="userinfo">
<p>
<from:label path="username">用户名:</from:label><from:input path="username"/><from:errors path="username"></from:errors>
</p>
<p>
<from:label path="userage">用户年龄:</from:label><from:input path="userage"/><from:errors path="userage"></from:errors>
</p>
<P>
<input type="submit" value="提交 ">
</P>
</from:form>
@SessionAttributes 把数据存储到session中,来保持多次请求间数据,这样就可以来实现比如分步骤提交表单等需求。需要将SessionAttributes绑定Controller,之后Controller里面的方法能够调取Session值
package justin.com.controllers; import justin.com.models.UserInfo; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.bind.support.SessionStatus; @Controller
@SessionAttributes("SessionUser")
@RequestMapping("/USession")
public class SessUserController { @RequestMapping(value="/Home",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String SessHome(@ModelAttribute("SessionUser") UserInfo user,SessionStatus status)
{
status.setComplete(); //读取Session中赋值给UserInfo
if(user!=null)
user.setUserage();
return "USession/index";
}
}
编写USession/Index.jsp页面
<body>
SESSION Index !
<p>
UserAGE: ${SessionUser.userage}
</p>
<p>
UserName: ${SessionUser.username }
</p>
</body>
请求URL:
http://www.xxx.com/MVCDEMO/USession/Home?userage=98&username=justin
@RequestBody 调用合适的MessageConvert来把非application/x-www-form-urlencoded请求中的内容转换为指定的对象。
它通常与@ResponseBody合用。@ResponseBody与.@RequestBody刚好相反,他把指定的对象转换为合适的内容(请求头为Accept:application/json 则返回json数据)并返回。由于Spring默认解析json用的是Jackson,所以我们这里要把jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar和jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar两个包添加到我们项目。
举例使用Controller如下
@RequestMapping("/detail")
public @ResponseBody UserInfo GetUserDetail()
{
UserInfo usermodel=new UserInfo();
usermodel.setUsername("zhang");
usermodel.setUserage();
System.out.println("Update:"+usermodel.getUsername());
return usermodel;
}
访问detail页面,反馈json值,针对Spring-MVC3有效,其他版本待定。
Controller值传递View
1、使用Model值
@RequestMapping(value="/detail",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String ShowUserDetail(HttpServletRequest request,Model model)
{
model.addAttribute("userinfo", new UserInfo());
return "User/UserHome";
}
2、使用ViewModel传值
ModelAndView Rm=new ModelAndView();
Rm.setViewName("User/UserShow");
Rm.addObject("userinfo", user);
3、使用HttpServletRequest
public String exception(HttpServletRequest request,Exception ex)
{
request.setAttribute("exceptionMessage", ex.getMessage());
return "error";
}
View获取值:
${key}