centos7 docker 安装配置

时间:2023-03-09 18:45:47
centos7 docker 安装配置

docker快速入门测试

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#docker安装配置
#环境centos7 #配置docker阿里源
echo '#Docker
[docker-ce-stable]
name=Docker CE - Aliyun
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
'>/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast #安装必要的系统工具
yum install -y device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 #安装 docker-ce
yum install -y docker-ce #启动docker
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker docker info
docker version #默认镜像源慢,配置镜像加速
#申请阿里云加速地址https://dev.aliyun.com/
#docker阿里云加速配置
mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://XXX自己申请XXX.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker ##########################################
#测试运行 hello-world
docker run hello-world ##########################################

 #运行容器

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#运行容器 #安装Nginx #搜索、下载镜像
docker search nginx
docker pull nginx
docker images nginx #运行容器mynginx
docker run -p 80:80 --name mynginx -d nginx #查看端口
netstat -antp|grep 80
#访问测试
curl 127.0.0.1
#外部浏览器访问ip正常,部署成功 #进入Nginx容器
docker exec -it mynginx /bin/sh
#退出容器 exit
Ctrl+d #快捷键 #列出容器
docker ps -a
#删除容器
docker rm mynginx ##########################################

 运行Nginx部署网站

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#接下来思考问题:
#Nginx配置、查看日志、部署网站
#需要把外部的目录或文件映射到docker容器 #创建目录
Ngdir=/www/docker/nginx
mkdir -p $Ngdir/{www,log,conf/conf.d} #创建配置(采用默认配置去注释)
echo '#man config
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
'>$Ngdir/conf/nginx.conf
#
echo '#nginx
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 404 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
}
'>$Ngdir/conf/conf.d/default.conf
#html
echo 'Welcome to nginx!'>$Ngdir/www/index.html
echo 'error_page 500 502 503 504 404'>$Ngdir/www/50x.html #使用nginx镜像,创建容器mynginx
docker run -p 80:80 --name mynginx \
-v $Ngdir/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro \
-v $Ngdir/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:ro \
-v $Ngdir/www:/usr/share/nginx/html:rw \
-v $Ngdir/log:/var/log/nginx:rw \
-d nginx #测试html内容
curl 127.0.0.1
curl 127.0.0.1/123
#查看error.log
cat $Ngdir/log/error.log #测试成功 ^_^ # 参数说明:
# -p 80:80:本地80端口:映射docker容器80端口
# -v $Ngdir/log:/var/log/nginx 主机log目录挂载到容器log/nginx ##########################################

  

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#常用命令 #获取容器PID
docker inspect --format "{{.State.Pid}}" myngix
#docker查看容器IP
docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' $(docker ps -a -q)
#查看变量
docker exec -it mynginx env 列出容器:docker ps -a
查看最近生成的容器:docker ps -l
查看正在运行的容器:docker ps
显示容器的标准输出:docker logs CONTAINERID
使用docker run的-i -t参数就会响应这种交互
停止正在运行的容器:docker stop CONTAINERID
查看容器或镜像的详细信息:docker inspect CONTAINERID|IMAGE
删除容器:docker rm CONTAINERID
查看所有容器ID:docker ps -a -q
删除所有的容器:docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
删除镜像:docker rmi IMAGE ##########################################