linux服务器下tomcat部署项目内存溢出

时间：2023-03-09 15:01:09
linux服务器下tomcat部署项目内存溢出

今天将一个项目部署到linux服务器上，结果tomcat在启动运行到一定时间后就报错。根据以往的经验，查了一些资料，终于解决了该问题并顺便解决了生产环境中的get方式中文传递乱码问题。

tomcat启动内存溢出问题

SEVERE: A child container failed during start

java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1130)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:293)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:727)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:646)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)

        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)

Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space

        at java.lang.StackTraceElement.equals(StackTraceElement.java:204)

        at java.lang.Throwable.printEnclosedStackTrace(Throwable.java:688)

        at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:666)

        at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:720)

        at java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter.format(SimpleFormatter.java:157)

        at java.util.logging.StreamHandler.publish(StreamHandler.java:196)

        at java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.publish(ConsoleHandler.java:105)

        at java.util.logging.Logger.log(Logger.java:522)

        at java.util.logging.Logger.doLog(Logger.java:543)

        at java.util.logging.Logger.logp(Logger.java:743)

        at org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog.log(DirectJDKLog.java:198)

        at org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog.error(DirectJDKLog.java:151)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1132)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1568)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1558)

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)

        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)

        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)

        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

Aug 11, 2015 10:30:06 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal

SEVERE: A child container failed during start

java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1130)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:293)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:727)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:646)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)

        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)

Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space

        at java.lang.StackTraceElement.equals(StackTraceElement.java:204)

        at java.lang.Throwable.printEnclosedStackTrace(Throwable.java:688)

        at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:666)

        at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:720)

        at java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter.format(SimpleFormatter.java:157)

        at java.util.logging.StreamHandler.publish(StreamHandler.java:196)

        at java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.publish(ConsoleHandler.java:105)

        at java.util.logging.Logger.log(Logger.java:522)

        at java.util.logging.Logger.doLog(Logger.java:543)

        at java.util.logging.Logger.logp(Logger.java:743)

        at org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog.log(DirectJDKLog.java:198)

        at org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog.error(DirectJDKLog.java:151)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1132)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1568)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1558)

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)

        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)

        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)

        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)

        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

上面的错误表示jvm的堆内存溢出。 PermGen space的全称是Permanent Generationspace，是指内存的永久保存区域，这块内存主要是被JVM存放Class和Meta信息的，Class在被Loader时就会被放到PermGenspace中，它和存放类实例(Instance)的Heap区域不同,GC(GarbageCollection)不会在主程序运行期对PermGenspace进行清理。

要解决以上问题必须采取以下措施

1、将tomcat中各个项目公用的jar包统一放在，tomcat/lib目录下，项目中无需再引用这些包

2、将tomcat中无用的jar包剔除出去。

3、修改tomcat启动的配置参数，主要涉及java虚拟机和tomcat服务器的启动参数

JAVA_OPTS="-server

                -Xms1048M

                -Xmx1048M

                -Xss512k

                -XX:+AggressiveOpts

                -XX:+UseBiasedLocking

<span style="color:#FF0000;">                -XX:PermSize=512M

                -XX:MaxPermSize=512M</span>

                -XX:+DisableExplicitGC

                -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=31

                -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC

                -XX:+UseParNewGC

                -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled

                -XX:+UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection

                -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m

                -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods

                -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly

                -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8

                -Djava.awt.headless=true

                -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"

CATALINA_OPTS="-server

                -Xms1024m

                -Xmx1024m

                -XX:NewRatio=3

<span style="color:#FF0000;">                -XX:PermSize=512m

                -XX:MaxPermSize=512m</span>

                -Duser.country=US

                -Duser.language=en

                -Duser.timezone=Asia/Shanghai

                -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8

                -Dsun.jnu.encoding=UTF-8

                -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote=true

                -Djava.library.path=/usr/local/apr/lib"

修改以上JAVA_OPTS和CATALINA_OPTS中的-XX:PermSize=512m和-XX:MaxPermSize=512m的参数值，第一个桉树表示默认的堆内存大小，第二个参数表示最大的堆内存大小，最好是将这两个值设置一致，减少了内存分配的资源消耗。

生产环境的中文乱码问题

以前在本地中文通过get方式传输，后台接收不会出现乱码问题，但是当项目部署到服务器上后，便出现了乱码问题，今天终于发现是原因是，jdk启动的默认编码是GBK的，所以虚拟机会以GBK方式接收参数，而我的项目是utf-8方式的。因此只需要修改红色部分

JAVA_OPTS="-server

                -Xms1048M

                -Xmx1048M

                -Xss512k

                -XX:+AggressiveOpts

                -XX:+UseBiasedLocking

                -XX:PermSize=128M

                -XX:MaxPermSize=512M

                -XX:+DisableExplicitGC

                -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=31

                -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC

                -XX:+UseParNewGC

                -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled

                -XX:+UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection

                -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m

                -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods

                -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly

<span style="color:#FF6666;">                -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</span>

                -Djava.awt.headless=true

                -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"

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